Chapter 8 TCP/IP and Networks

• LLC usually used with the HDLC (Higher-Level Data Link Control) link standard
• for connectionless services - uses unnumbered information (UI) message frame
• for connectionbased services - uses asynchronous balanced mode (ABM)
• MAC layer is responsible for managing traffic on network (collision detection & transmission times)
• NDIS (Network Device Interface Specification) [developed by MS & 3Com] - defines an interface between the MAC sublayer and the higher layers
• ODI (Open Data-Link Interface) [developed by Novell & Apple] - same use as NDIS
• PROTMAN (Protocol Manager) - routes packets from the MAC layer to the correct protocol stack in the NDIS model (not required in NT)

Physical	AUI (Attachment Unit Interface)
	PMA (Physical Medium Attachment)
	MDI (Medium Dependent Interface)

• AUI - provides attachment between the machine's physical layer and the network medium
• Medium Attachment Unit (MAU) [PMA & MDI] - responsible for manging the connection of the machine to the LAN medium including checking the signal quality and test routines

• TCP uses LLC Type 1 which supports UI
• UDP uses LLC Type 2 to provide data integrity

• 137 - NetBIOS name service
• 138 - datagram service
• 139 - session service

• IPX - Network Layer protocol that provides connectionless (datagram) service. Responsible for internetwork routing and maintaining network logical addresses. Relies on hardware physical addresses found at lower layers to provide network device addressing. [easier to manage than TCP/IP]
• SPX - Transport Layer protocol that provides connection-oreiented services with reliable delivery. Reliable deliviery is ensured by retransmitting packets in the event of error.
• Netware Core Protocol (NCP) - ULP that provides remote function calls that support network services, such as file sharing, printing, name management, etc. Netware client software uses NCP to access NetWare services.

• Datagram Delivery Protocol (DDP) - Network Layer protocol that provides connectionless service between two AppleTalk systems.
• AppleTalk Transaction Protocol (ATP) - Connectionless Transport Layer protocol that provides reliable service though a system of acknowledgements and retransmissions
• AppleTalk File Protocol (AFP) - provides remote file services; responsible for enforcing file system security; verifies and encrypts logon names and passwords
• AppleShare - client/server system that provides file and print sharing services

• ANSI-defined, high speed network that uses fiber-optic cable
• requires two sublayers for the physical layer
• uses same addressing scheme, but frame size is large (4500 bytes)

• Basic Rate ISDN (BRI) - uses 2 64K data channels & 1 16K service channel
• Primary Rate ISDN (PRI) - uses 23 64K channels and 1 64K service channel
• Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN) - supports higher bandwidths; uses ATM & SONET for the Physical Layer

• API - standard Win32 Application Programming Interface (handles remote file operations and remotes resources)
• Multiple Provider Router (MPR) - routes all network operations for Win 95, as well as implementing network functions common to all network types (mpr.dll)
• Network Provider - implements the network service provider interface
• IFS Manager - routes filesystem requests to the proper filesystem driver (FSD)
• Network Filesystem Driver - implements the particular filesystem characteristics (Vfd.vxd)
• Network Transport - implements the device-specific network transport protocol
• Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) - defines interactions between the network transport and device drivers (ndis.vxd)
• Network Adapter Driver - controls the actual network hardware device

1. protocol.ini
   

   [ndishlp$]
   DriverName=ndishlp$
   Bindings=MS2000$
   
   [protman$]
   DriverName=protman$
   priority=ndishlp$
   
   [data]
   version=v4.00.950
   netcards=MS2000$,*PNP80D6
   
   [MS2000$]
   DriverName=MS2000$
   Interrupt=11
   IOBase=0x300
   
   [NETBEUI$]
   sessions=10
   ncbs=12
   Bindings=MS2000$
   DriverName=NETBEUI$
   Lanabase=1